Method of deaerating water.



Patented Dec. 25, I900.

G. M. KLEUCKER. METHOD OF DEAEBATING WATER.

(Application filed Aug. 10, 1699.)

(No Model.)

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NITED STATES PATENT @FFIC:

GEORGE M. KLEUOKER, OF BRUNSWICK, GERMANY.

METHOD OF DEAERATING WATER.

SEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 664,763 dated December 25, 1900.

Application filed August 10,1899. Serial No. 726,784. (No modem Deaerating Water, of which the following is a specification.

The invention is intended more particu-- larly for preparing water in large quantities for the manufacture of ice, and I will describe it as thus applied.

I assume the cold for the manufacture of the ice to be produced by the expansion of previously compressed and cooled ammonia, the compression being efiected by steampower. My invention provides for presenting a quantity of water to the exhaust-steam to become heated and for subsequently treating the exhaust-steam and also all the water (sometimes called condensat) which is produced by the condensation of the steam and also the previously-added water by 'eX- posing the whole in a good vacuum in thin layers flowing over the extended surfaces presented by tubes and also causing the water to fall in small globules or drops from one tube to another. I have discovered that a moderate degree of heat will cause the expulsion of the air when so large a surface is presented in a vacuum for allowing the separation. I believe that the air comes out of the water in all directions from all the greatlyextended surfaces. I provide for removing the air when it is separated from the water, and thus maintaining the vacuum, and for removing the water without exposing it to air, so that air cannot be reabsorbed.

The accompanying drawing forms a part of this specification and represents in an extended and diagrammatic form what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention. It is a side elevation, partly in Vertical section.

A is the boiler, A a steam-pipe, and A the cylinders,of a tandem compound engine. The steam in passing through the cylinders acts on pistons and generates power in the longapproved manner, which is used in operating a compressor of ordinary construction, (not shown,) by which the ammonia is compressed,

and, being partially cooled, is liquefied, to be again expanded, so as to absorb heat from water and produce ice in the ordinary manner.

A is the exhaustpipe, conveying steam from the last cylinder of the compound engine to the bottom of a filter B, which is charged with broken coke or other suitable material to arrest any oil and water which may be carried along with the steam. I provide for the removal of such dense fluid by a pipe B, to which is connected a pump H.

D is a pipe controlled by a device D bringing water and mingling it with the steam. The quality of this water is important. It must be soft. From ordinary sources it should be filtered, so as to remove all impurities which are capable of being thus removed. The purpose of the treatment to which it is to be subjected by my invention is to remove the air from it, and by the deaerated water thus introduced to contribute a large accession to the water which is produced by the condensation of the steam with which it is mingled, and thus from both sources to provide the amount required to be man ufactured into ice.

In the operation the two fluids-that is to say, the steam which has been used in the engines and-the water supplied through the pipe D, heated by the steamflow together through the pipe 0 into the upper portion of a tubular condenser E. A scatter-plate E within this condenser receives the Water and steam and controls the distribution downward. The water thus supplied falls in separate drops from the scatter-plate upon the uppermost of the tubes E. A pipe F brings water, which may be salt or otherwise impure, but as cold as is conveniently attainable, into a chamber in the lower part of one end of the condenser A portion E of the tubes convey the water from that chamber to the opposite end of the condenser,and the remainder E convey it back again much Warmer to a chamber in the upper part. F is a pipe which leads the impure water away from the condenser after it has absorbed the heat of the steam and throws it into the sewer or other waste-passage. In its treatment in the condenser the mingled steam and pure waterintroduced through the pipe 0 falls from each series of tubes to the series of tubes next below and, spread in a thin coating, flows down on each and drops to the next below, and so on, until it reaches the bottom of the interior of the condenser E, where, having become thoroughly deaerated in the thin flowing and dropping action, it accumulates and is drawn out through a pipe I by a pump J, after passing which it meets the ordinary resistance of the atmosphere, increased or diminished by any arrangement, which may be made in leading it away through the pipe K,

to be either immediately or at any required subsequent period subjected to the influence of the expanded ammonia and rapidly lowered in temperature and formed into the required pure and dense ice.

A pipe L extends from a point afew inches above the bottom in the interior of the condenser E and connects with an air-pu mp M, which, drawing only air and thin vapor, maintains the required vacuum in the spaces between the several tubes E and E I allow the introduction through a branched pipe N, with propercontrolling means N, ofsufficient water to seal the working parts and the valves.

The deaerated water in its passage from the bottom of the condenser E to the pump J is retained in a vessel 0, in which it stands with the water-surface at the same level as in the condenser. An equalizing-pipe 0 connects the upper portions] A float P in this vessel rises and sinks with the changes of the water-level, and by shifting a valve R in the steam-pipe R leading from the boiler A to actuate the pump J causes the latter to Work with the right velocity to take the water from the condenser at the rate required.

The arrangement or the receiving end of the pure-water pipe I at the bottom and the arrangement of the corresponding end of the air-pipe L above the bottom of the condenser, shielded by the hood shown, in connection with the regulation by the iloat P, insure that the pure water is never wasted by being taken out with the attenuated air and vapor through the air-pump and-also that the pure water is removed and stored without exposure to that air or to the general atmosphere, so as to become again aerated.

I attach importance to the fact that the filter 13 is capacious and is introduced in the steam-passage, so that the large volume of steam is led through it with little resistance. The effect is greater and materially better than when the filtering action is only applied to the fluid after it has been reduced to the form'ot' water. Any oil which has been introduced in the valve-chest or in the cylinder and has been carried along by the steam is arrested by the filter and descends by gravity and is drawn out through the pipe B and only pure steam, with such air as accompanies it, is delivered from the top of the filter. I provide that the coke or other filtering material may be changed when desired; but the service may continue without necessarily The steam-power may be ob ter to spread onentering the top of the con-q 7 denser. I may heat the water in a separate vessel and then expose it to a vacuum either in the condenser in which the exhaust-steam from the engine is condensed 0 1 in a separate vessel. I may control the admission of water to be prepared and deaerated automatically by a float in the re-boiler, receiving-tank, or water-storage tank. (Not shown.) I may dispense with the re-boiler.

The oil-pump H, the pure-water pump J,

and the air-pump M may be driven by other means, as by a belt from the main shaft.

- I claim as my invention- 1. In deaerating water for the manufacture of ice and analogous purposes, the method described consisting in heating the water and introducing it in finelydivided streams at high points in a vacuum to descend both in a heated and finely-divided condition therein, all substantially as herein specified.

2. In the art of deaerating water for the manufacture of ice and analogous purposes, the. method described consisting in heating the water by mingling it with steam and exposing the mingled fluids in a vacuum in an Ioo' extended or divided condition and allowing the air to escape, as herein specified.

3. In the art or" deaerating water for the manufacture of ice and analogous purposes, the method described consisting in heating water by mingling it with steam and expos ing the mingled fiuids in a vacuum in a filmy condition and allowing the air to escape, as

' herein specified.

4C. In deaerating water for the manufacture of ice and analogous purposes, the method describedof treating the water by mingling it with steam and introducing the mingled fluids in finely-divided streams at a high point of ice and analogous purposes, the method described of heating the water by exhauststeam exposing it to a vacuum so that the r .7

vacuum shall perform the double function of 7 increasing the power of the steam-engine and also aiding to deaerate the water and inter rupting the downward flow of the water so as to prolong the period of its exposure to the vacuum, all substantially as herein specified.

interrupting or baffling the descending drops to augment the divided condition of the mingled fluids and prolong the period of the descent of the same and the exposure to the vacuum, substantially as herein specified.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I affix my signature in pres- 2o ence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE M. KLEUCKER.

Witnesses:

JULIUS SEOKEL, MINNA SOHELM; 

